The battery
Cold reduces a battery's output at the same time as the engine needs more of it. A battery that was fine in September fails in December. If yours is more than four years old, have it tested at a garage or fast-fit centre before the first frost; most will do it free. Short trips never fully recharge a battery, so a longer run once a week helps.
Tyres
The legal minimum tread depth is 1.6mm; in winter 3mm gives noticeably better grip. Check pressures monthly — cold air drops pressure. Winter or all-season tyres are worth considering if you live somewhere that gets proper snow, but in most of the UK good tread on standard tyres is adequate.
Fluids and wipers
Top up screenwash with a mix rated to at least minus 10. Check coolant antifreeze concentration. Replace wiper blades that smear; you will be using them constantly.
Electric cars in winter
Expect a 20 to 30 per cent reduction in range in cold weather, more with the heater on full. Precondition the car while it is plugged in, keep the charge above 20 per cent, and know where your nearest rapid chargers are. The 12-volt auxiliary battery in an EV fails in the cold just like any other — it is the most common winter EV call-out.
What to carry
- Warm clothing, gloves, a blanket, a torch and a phone charger.
- Ice scraper, de-icer and a small shovel if you are rural.
- Water, snacks and any essential medication.
- A hi-vis vest and warning triangle (compulsory in much of Europe anyway).
- Your breakdown policy number and phone number written down.
Buy cover before the weather turns
Most policies have a waiting period, and a flat battery on your driveway is only covered with home start. Buying in November rather than the morning the car will not start is the difference between a covered call-out and a joining fee.